This article is articulating a data-driven form of prediction. It seems to attempt to aggregated many predictions made other people that the Federal Reserve will cut interest rates this year, but they don’t think it will happen at the upcoming (as of publication time) meeting. One of the factors factoring into there is the idea of “real” interest rates - how much money is actual costing once we subtract inflation.
The prediction is also based off what has happened in the past when the Federal Reserve cut interest rates and what was occurring on a macroeconomic level with interest rates and what else was occurring in the economy. The article also discusses how the COVID-19 pandemic and government borrowing affect the current rate (which also affects if cuts will occur - if the rate is already low then affects the prediction of whether it needs to be cut).